估计阅读时长: 11 分钟位置权重矩阵(Position Weight Matrix, PWM)是描述基因组调控因子结合位点序列模式的核心模型。它通过统计在结合位点序列中每个位置上各核苷酸(或氨基酸)出现的频率,来量化该位置对不同碱基的偏好程度。PWM通常以矩阵形式表示,行对应核苷酸(A、C、G、T/U),列对应序列中的位置,矩阵元素即为该位置该核苷酸相对于背景的权重得分。这一模型简洁且易于计算,因此在转录因子结合位点(TFBS)等调控元件的识别和表征中被广泛采用。
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